Vladimir Jabotinsky Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Vladimir Jabotinsky - Term Paper Example His reason for moving was to study law. While he was staying in these countries, he became a correspondent of several popular Russian newspapers. This can be said to be the commencement of his vocation as a journalist. The reports he wrote were widely read across the entire Russian country. This led to him becoming a very popular and recognizable figure among the elite class of Russian journalists. He even acquired a pseudonym which he used to sign his entire article. The name he used was ‘Altalena’(Nakhimovsky, 2). He was a critique of systems from a very tender age. At one point in his early life he wrote an article criticizing the grading system. He also went on to publish the article in a newspaper while he was only fourteen years of age Early in the twentieth century, there was occurred a pogrom against the Jews of Kishinev. The Jews in this region were massacred in a horrific episode by the Russian authorities in 1903. This made Jabotinsky to begin Zionist activiti es in this region (Schechtman, 22). He organized and mobilized self defense units. These units were aiming at fighting for the rights of the Jewish minority in Russia. They wanted to ensure that the Jewish community was treated as other citizens in Russia. This fight for rights earned Jabotinsky election to the Zionist congress as a delegate. The leader of this movement is said to have immensely impressed Jabotinsky with his fluency of the Hebrew language. This led to him seeking to further master the Hebrew language. This mastery later enhanced his translation skills as he spoke six other languages and several Slavic dialects. While at the congress he engaged in the duties of spreading the Jewish language into the wider areas of Russia. He wanted to ensure that all the Jews living in Russia at the time were in a position to speak their native language. His main target was the young generation of Jews comprising mainly of youths. In 1914, the First World War broke out. As a result o f the war he left Russia as a newspaper correspondent. His journey took him to Egypt. While he was in Egypt, he met another Jewish man called Joseph Trumpeldor. Together they fought and helped form the Jewish Legion. They believed that through the participation of the Jews in the war for the liberation of Israel, they would be in a position to demand something having been parties to the course. The British government did not support the idea but they pressed on and they were later allowed to participate. When this organization of volunteer fighters was formed, Jabotinsky served in it as lieutenant. They were involved in fighting for Israel to be freed from Turkish rule. The many activities which they engaged in during this time did not impress the British mandatory Government. This government handed a sentence of 15 years of hard labour. Jabotinsky, however, did not stay long in the British prison. There was a public outcry concerning the sentence among the Jewish community. He was given amnesty and therefore released from prison immediately. From 1921 he became a member of the Zionist executive but his ideas were different from those of the other members. After several disagreements about the direction of the movement Jabotinsky quit to go and establish the union of Zionist revisionists. The goal of this new movement was to fight for the creation of an independent Jewish state. He is regarded as the founder of the revisionists and held in high esteems as a Zionist

Analysing Project Leadership Teams and Group Dynamics

Analysing Project Leadership Teams and Group Dynamics Introduction A research done in 1995 in the USA showed that 31% of software projects are cancelled before completion while for those which are not, the cost will be an average of 189 percent of the original estimates (Standish Group, 1995). Whittaker (1999) identified the key reasons for such failure as related to poor project planning, a weak business case, and a lack of top management involvement and support. In 2001, the Standish Group found that only 28 percent of IT projects were completed on time and on budget, and that these were on average 45 percent over original cost estimates and 63 percent over original time to completion estimates (Standish Group International, 2001). This report identified poor tools to monitor and control progress of projects as the main reasons for such failures hence recommending project managers to use good project management practices in order to establish the appropriate project methodology (Gowan Mathieu, 2005). Turner (2003) defined a project as an endeavour in which human, material and financial resources are organized in a novel way, to undertake a unique scope of work, of given specification, within constraints of cost and time, so as to achieve beneficial change defined by quantitative and qualitative objectives. Despite this definition containing three aspects: human, material and financial, the above reports show that the focus of understanding failures in software projects has been mainly directed towards the technical and financial barriers encountered during the project life cycle. Intangible human organisational factors such as leadership, organisation culture and team dynamics have been given meagre attention despite multiple researches showing the successful completion of any project in any organization is highly dependent on the human and behavioural factors. This paper will discuss the ways through which software teams are affected by leadership, organisation culture and team dynamics. The first part of the paper will discuss the literature around organisational culture and it can affect the outcomes of software projects. The second part of the paper will discuss the role of leadership and team dynamics in the context of software project management. Lastly, the paper will end with a conclusion and possible recommendations for software teams in the future. Organisation Culture and Software project management Organizational culture describes how things are done in a corporation (Claver et al, 2001). It encompasses a wide range of aspects of organisations life including assumptions, values and artefacts, beliefs, rituals, and ceremonies; language, symbols, stories, and ceremonies In sum, organisational culture is viewed as both what an organisation is and as what an organisation has (Mathew, 2007). According to Lok Crawford (2004), organisational culture can influence how people set personal and professional goals, perform tasks and administer resources to achieve them. Similarly, Schein (1990) describes organisational culture as being able to affect the way in which people consciously and subconsciously think, make decisions and act. Researchers on organisational cultures have also proposed different forms or types of cultures. For example, Wallach (1983) suggested that there are three main types of organisational cultures: bureaucratic, supportive and innovative. Handy (1993) Identified four types of organisation cultures: power culture, role culture, person culture and task culture. The ultimate point is that organisation culture determines the ways decisions are taken within organisations. For example according to Handys model, a power culture is one where decisions are taken by a restricted number of individuals usually located at the peak of the organisation structure. The decision is then transferred to the rest of the structure, thus signifying low participation from the remaining workforce. This bureaucratic approach to decision making reduces the level of input from other levels in the organisation. In modern organisations, where employees are viewed as critical success factors, it is therefore important to have a culture which encourages participation and involvement. The power culture is an example of how the organisation culture can be a barrier to employee participation. In the context of software projects, participation is a key success factor. Hence, the type of organisation culture will either enhance or prohibit the appropriate behaviours from the team members. According to Hansen and Wenerfelt (1989), the culture within an organisation affects the way in which employees perceive, feel and act. This in turn will affect their level of performance and commitment (Peters and Waterman, 1982). Echoing the same, Siehl and Martin (1990) found that organisation culture have a critical influence of productivity and quality. The software sector employs large numbers of people worldwide (Arthreye, 2005). As mentioned above, productivity and quality are greatly influenced by organisation culture (Siehl and Martin, 1990). Productivity and quality is important to the software sector. Therefore, the need to understand how organisation culture affects this sector is fundamental. Organisation culture lays down the guidelines for the acquisition of Information Technology as well as the guidelines for sharing of information through its Information Systems (Allard (1998); Brown and Starkey (1994); Katz and Townsend (2000)). Mathew (2007) identified a range of cultural processes that have a bearing on software organisations such as concern for employees and trust, knowledge management or organisational learning; empowerment; high performance work orientation and core values. The research by Mathew (2007) is evidence that software team members are highly influenced by the cultural processes in interplaying in the organisation they are working in. These processes will affect their commitment to the software project in terms of: firstly the amount of information they are likely to input to the project. Western organisations have purposely adopted collectivist processes so as to encourage sharing of information throughout teams. However, in others contexts, the individualistic and bureaucratic culture promotes information asymmetry. Information asymmetry occurs when one party possesses more information that the other party. Information asymmetry is a threat to the proper functioning of software teams as information is key to the success of so ftware projects. The above shows that the organisation culture determines the processes for sharing information which in turn directly affects the implementation of software projects. Secondly, the organisation culture also determines the degree of empowerment of the employees. A study by Badoo and Hall (2001) on Motivators of Software Process Improvement: an analysis of practitioners views showed that software project managers highly ranked empowerment as a motivator factor. They considered process ownership as important. Developers stated the same: Developers want grassroots input into processes. Project managers want autonomy so they can mould the processes around their present practices. Both developers and project managers want to feel they have the support of senior management. (Badoo Hall, 2001) Pitterman (2000) identified empowerment as crucial to the success of software projects. Empowerment is often defined as the act of giving people the opportunity to make workplace decisions by expanding their autonomy in decision making (Vogt, 1997). Empowerment however is influenced by the organisation culture. Other processes contained in the organisation culture which ultimately affect the implementation of software projects are: communication, reward schemes, feedback, decision making, organisation structure, autonomy, communication, top down commitment, shared best practice and bottom-up initiatives (Badoo Hall, 2001). The above points show how the culture of an organisation can either facilitate the functioning of software teams or act as a barrier. Rigid structures, poor reward schemes, lack of communication, poor feedback, lack of transparency, poor trust and commitment from the top and little bottom-up initiatives can render the project life cycle difficult, hence resulting into project cancellations and/or completion over estimated budgets. Leadership and Team Dynamics in Software Project Management. It is important to experience progress and well-being by both the team members and the team leader in software projects. Katzenbach (1998) stated that groups of people working together give rise to dynamics which have the effect either of enhancing group performance, or of impeding, even destroying, group efficiency. The group dynamics involve both the team members and the leader. According to Wang et al (2005) team performance derives from the ability of team members to successfully integrate their individual actions, to perform in complex and dynamic environments, to achieve coordination and cohesion and lastly effective team leadership. Team leadership styles can be classified into two types: Transactional and Transformational leadership (Thite, 2000). The transactional leadership style focuses on the contractual relationship between the leader and the subordinates. The relationship is limited to the simple exchange of expected performance in return for certain rewards. On the other hand, the transformational leader motivates followers to perform beyond their expectations, increases the followers sense of the importance and value of tasks, and stimulates members to look beyond their own interests and direct themselves to the interests of the team, organization or larger community (Mankenzie et al, 2001). Pinto (1986) identified effective leadership as a critical success factor for successful projects. Similarly Turner et al (1998) described successful projects as being led by individuals who possess not only technical and management knowledge, but also leadership skills that are internally compatible with the motiva tion of the project team. Although the goals of a project are achieved by the team, appropriate leadership styles such as relationships and task oriented styles can help attain the targets in time and within the allocated resources (Nauman et al, 2010). Leadership fosters empowerment (Malone, 1997) and as mentioned above the latter is an essential ingredient for successful projects. However, according to Eisenberger (2002), effective empowerment is based on the relationship of the team members with the leader. The challenge for the leaders in software projects is to find the balance in managing relationships as well as getting the work done. Another important feature of leadership is motivation. Leaders influence and motivate team members. Software projects are often found to lose momentum following difficulties arising within the Iron Triangle (costs, time and functionality). The task of the team leader is to restore momentum at different stages within the project life cycle. As mentioned by Kotler (1988), leadership means influencing others to take responsibility for identifying, developing, retaining, and motivating talented professionals on the team. On the other hand in his work, Thamhain (2004) concluded that project success is no longer the result of a few expert contributors and skilled project leaders. Rather, project success depends on effective multidisciplinary efforts, involving teams of people and support organizations interacting in a highly complex, intricate, and sometimes even chaotic way. The process requires experiential learning, trial and error, risk taking, as well as the cross-functional coordinat ion and integration of technical knowledge, information, and components. The work of Thamhain (2004) also concluded that Team performance is not random but there are certain criteria which lead to high team performance. These are firstly understanding the needs of team members and designing ways to satisfy these needs, secondly management should support team environment rather than try to control it, thirdly team development must be ongoing and finally team leaders should work with senior management to ensure effective team work. The agency theory (Eisenhardt, 1989) informs that monitoring through leadership reduces shirking which in turn leads to project success. Shirking is the process of evading work, responsibility or duty. In organisation theory, shirking takes place when the agent (employee) has self-interest contrasting with the interest of the principal (employer, team leader, manager). The team leader is responsible for monitoring the project and this involves watching, observing and checking closely or continuously. Mahaney and Lederer (2009) examined the importance of project monitoring in order to avoid the problem of shirking in teams and found that the project monitoring does not necessarily avoid shirking in projects but planning and meetings during monitoring can predict shirking. Although there is no single leadership style applicable to all project situations, it is important to understand the role of leadership in the success of projects. Software project managers need to exhibit leadership traits which will enable them to carry out their function effectively. Linberg (1999) stated that one of the classic mistakes in software development is undermined motivation. A study by Couger and Zawacki (1980) showed that firstly software professionals had substantially higher growth needs than any of the other job categories, secondly increased motivation would occur if the software developers growth needs matched the jobs motivating potential, and thirdly increased software developer job satisfaction was associated with effective supervisory feedback. In the case of software projects, supervisory feedback related to team leader feedback. Hence the need to understand the need of those involved in the project as well striving to find ways to satisfy those needs remain an important responsibility of the team leader. Team dynamics will also interplay with leadership skills to determine the outcomes of the software project. The failure of many large software projects is due to difficulties in managing team-based work (Faraj and Sproull, 2000). According to Hohmann (1997) the most effective software development teams are also the teams that contain a variety of different personality or temperament types. This is also confirmed by Amabile etal (1996) stating thatAmabile, T.M., Conti, R., Coon, H., Lazenby, J. and Herron, M., 1996. Assessing the work environment for creativity. Academy of Management Journal 39, pp. 1154-1184. Full Text via CrossRef | View Record in Scopus | Cited By in Scopus (411): Team member diversity and mutual openness to ideas may operate on creativity by exposing individuals to a greater variety of unusual ideas; such exposure has been demonstrated to positively impact creative thinking. Overall team diversity creates the synergy required in software projects however in other cases team diversity may also be a cause of failure for example a software developer may prefer one method and will become de-motivated if a newer development method is used during the project. In his work on adapters and innovators, Kirton (1994) suggested that individuals with an adaptor style prefer stability of work activities whereas individuals with the innovator style prefer new and alternative work activities. Hence such two types of developers may not be able to find a common stable ground in the software project and in turn this might lead to low job satisfaction for either party. Linberg (1999) concluded that team dynamics does impact on software projects, Team members develop their own perceptions about project failure and success and this in turn affects their performance. According to the same study, team leaders have perceptions about project success and failure as well. Shea and Guzzo (1987) introduced the concept of group potency and defined it as the collective belief of a team that it can be effective: the shared belief of team members as a whole. Akgun et al (2007) investigated the relationship between group potency and software project outcome. The study revealed that project teams involve multi-mental models due to the different knowledge, expertise, background, and personalities in the organization. The collective belief of a teams capabilities and efficacy is critical for effective team and project management. Group potency was important for fast software development and lead to less costly development of software and to high performance teams. Hutchins (1991) stated that the cognitive properties of groups can differ from those of their participating members. Software teams are different from other teams existing in an organization. They are formed of knowledge workers who have specific individual expertise embodied into the practical activi ty-based competencies (Blackler, 1995). Moreover, software development teams have a relatively unique structure, wherein the division of labour among members are highly interdependent due to the way in which the finished product is produced; the nature of the software development process is such that the product cannot be seen in its progressive development and this has implications for both team members and team leaders. Ryan and OConnor (2009) found that tacit knowledge is shared through good quality social interaction in the team. Therefore it is important for software team leader or project managers to build team structures which foster the sharing of tacit knowledge. Another pertinent issue in team dynamics is that of conflict. March and Simon (1958) defined conflict simply as the breakdown of the standard mechanisms for decision making. According to Gobeli et al (1998), team or group conflicts can be detrimental to the success of the software projects. Group conflict is a result of poor leadership influence and lack of ability to manage dysfunctional behaviours within teams. However, in many cases, team conflicts emerge out of multiple reasons such as diversity of personalities working together and lack of communication. Group conflict in the context of software teams can lead to a slow down of the progress of the project, hence not satisfying one of the key parts of the Iron triangle, time. For this reason, it important for group conflicts to be managed carefully by team leaders in order to boost team morale and to achieve efficiency. Conclusion As discussed above, software teams are vulnerable to factors emerging from the organization culture, the type of leadership and the team dynamics prevailing in the organization. All three being people-related are rather sensitive and less prone to be easily changed. They have joined the list of critical success factors for software projects. For organizations to have a culture which is conducive to success, the latter needs to be flexible rather than rigid and imposed. As we move towards more open systems at work, it is therefore fundamental for the organization culture to fit into the business context. Changes have to take place from a cultural perspectives to produce the right platform for the success of software projects. Flexibility and openness in organization culture is favored. By the same token, the type of leadership has to be based on the situation and the climate within the software team. This in turn will lead to positive team dynamics and better performances of software projects. Overall it can be concluded that organization culture, the type of leadership and team dynamics can make a difference to a software project and its team. If managed properly, these would help organizations achieve competitive advantage in the market.

Censorship In School Libraries :: essays research papers

Censorship in School Libraries The most debatable and controversial form of censorship today is the banning of books in school libraries. Banning books that educate students is wrong and selfish. Censorship of books in school libraries is neither uncommon nor an issue of the past. Books with artistic and cultural worth are still challenged constantly by those who want to control what others read. The roots of bigotry and illiteracy that fuel efforts to censor books and free expression are unacceptable and unconditional. Censoring school books in libraries can often lead to censorship of our basic freedoms guaranteed in the First Amendment. In some cases, a minority ends up dictating the majority in censorship cases. To be told what is permissible reading material and what is not is a direct violation of the First Amendment of the Constitution. The First Amendment of the Constitution is the most important and debatable of them all. The First Amendment states; â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, of prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press, or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances.† Freedom of expression is an inalienable human right and the foundation for self-government. Freedom of expression defines the freedoms of speech, press, religion, assembly, association, and the corollary right to receive information. Human rights and intellectual independence; the two are inseparably linked. Freedom of opinion and determining what you want to read is not derived from or dependent on any form of government or political power. This right is inherent in every individual. The power of freedom cannot be yielded, nor can it be denied. True justice comes from the exercise of rights. Students enjoy going to the library and being able to read what they want to read, without any indecision. As soon as a censor claims a book should be censored, the student’s hope of reading that book is diminished. Censorship, ignorance, and limitations on the free flow of information are the tools of dictatorship and oppression. The "tyrant" simply chooses to pull that book from the shelves of knowledge, and the students right of the First Amendment is violated (Appendix A). Books like The Chocolate War, I Know Why the Caged Bird Sings, and Of Mice and Men have been placed on the controversial bookshelf of many school libraries.

In “The Stone Angel,” Margaret Laurence writes a gripping story seen though the eyes of an old woman nearing the end of her life

At ninety, Hagar Shipley speaks touchingly of the dangers of growing old and reflects with bitterness, humor, and a sorrowful perception of her own frailties on the life She has led. In this story circumstances and character traits are most influential in shaping the lives of the characters, especially Hagar Shipley. An example of a character trait that is most influential in shaping the live of a character is at the beginning of this novel. From her childhood as a daughter of a Scottish merchant to her marriage, Hagar has fought a long and wrong battle for freedom and respect. Her life has been ruled by her concern of external appearances and behavior. Although She felt love and happiness, She refused to show it fearing others may view it as a weakness. Hagar has divided feelings about her husband, her passionate fondness to one son, Marvin, and her negligence of another, John. She is sometimes regretful but rarely sorry. The main internal characteristic responsible for this was her pride. This is supported by the comment she made: â€Å"Pride was my wilderness and the demon that led me there was fear. † She has been afraid of being unrespectable, afraid of needing too much and giving too much and her pride is both unsettling and inspirational. Hagar inherited this strong pride from her father, Jason Currie, along with other poor qualities. However, Hagar tries to escape from her own poor qualities to which She is imprisoned; attempting to stuff the emptiness within her. Throughout her life, Hagar is desperately trying to escape. Even though Hagar has pride of herself, She becomes progressively more powerless to care for herself and therefore becomes an unbearable tension on her son, Marvin and his wife, Doris. This tension makes them decide to put her in a nursing home because they can no longer take care of her. She is full of anger, but is childlike and illogical. She needs support with almost everything, yet She irritably refuses aid. Despite her knowing that She is a worry, she denies it herself. Despite character traits being most significant, circumstances within this story too are also as influential as the character traits. An illustration of this is the use of Lilacs by the author, Margaret Laurence, to indicate many bad events in The Stone Angel. This color is portrayed through a silk dress that Hagar wears many times in this novel. The Lilac dress is introduced on the day that Hagar purchases the dress. She refers to the past on the day She bought the dress with Doris, her daughter in law. I wear my lilac silk because the day seems Sunday†¦ How annoyed She was with me when I bought this dress. † She mentions that her feet are aching and is very tired. Doris on the other hand does not think this silk is worth buying. Though she does not like this dress Doris thinks she will buy it anyways and this started all the bad happenings that are related to this lilac silk dress. One such bad happening in the novel is when She wears the lilac silk dress at the dinner t able with Marvin and Doris. She then notices that something is wrong. â€Å"What is it? I want to shout the question impatiently at the face. Instead I fold my hands, as I am meant to do over my silk lilac belly, and wait. † She later finds out that She lives in with her husband and her family for many years. Doris keeps on pushing Marvin to tell Hagar that She should let go of the house and move on with her life. Hagar feels that her life is joyful and does not think that She needs a change. As a conclusion, circumstances and character traits have both been most influential in shaping the lives of the characters in The Stone Angel.

Do you think that Austen makes it possible to feel sympathy for Mrs. Bennet? Essay

It is my opinion that in the novel Pride and Prejudice, Austen does not make it possible to feel sympathy for Mrs. Bennet as much as feeling a certain fondness for her and her silly ways. She is a very amusing and lovable character, and this is exactly what makes her so exciting to read about. From the very beginning, Austen portrays her as a rather silly and superficial woman. Within the first chapter, she paints complete portrait of her character in jut a few lines. â€Å"She was a woman of mean understanding, little information, and uncertain temper.† The reader, at this point, does not know quite what to make of her, until Austen declares, â€Å"when she was discontented, she fancied herself nervous† and one immediately falls in love with her. â€Å"The business of her life was to see her daughters married; its solace was visiting and news† further conveys how very superficial she is, yet somehow retains the quintessence of being extremely humorous. Mrs. Bennet is one of the principal characters that help set the feel for the entire novel. There lies a sharp contrast between Mrs. Bennet and her husband, who is â€Å"so odd a mixture of quick parts, sarcastic humor, reserve and caprice,† that he quickly loses interest in his wife after the novelty of being newlywed wears off. He subsequently found ways to amuse himself by frustrating his wife constantly. The reader always takes delight in these tiny conspiracies against Mrs. Bennet. For example, when Mrs. Bennet tried to tell her husband about a very eligible bachelor who had just moved into Netherfield, Mr. Bennet feigned disinterest to purposely aggravate her. He then declares that he shall do no such thing as paying Mr. Bingley a visit. The next day, while Mrs. Bingley laments over not having a proper chance to be introduced, and how they will never have such a golden opportunity pass their way again, Mr. Bennet stuns everyone by saying that there is no need for anyone to introduce them, for he has taken care of that himself. Mrs.’s Bennet’s reaction, subsequently, was enormously funny, and that is one of the things that arguably make her the most memorable character in the novel. Her awkward ways, however, have not spared her and her family from embarrassment. She could be rather socially awkward at times, and later Darcy goes on to tell Elizabeth that one of the many reasons her was reluctant to marry her was because of her mother’s awkward behavior around him and others. There were also times when her â€Å"meanness of understanding† could not be masked, and conversations oft turned awkward when she took offence over nothing. For example, when Darcy was speaking about how there is a greater variety of people in the city, Mrs. Bennet thought that he was slandering the village folk and claimed that they â€Å"dine with some four-and-twenty families† at Meryton. Despite all her faults, the reader falls in love with Mrs. Bennet and her â€Å"poor nerves.† Austen has maneuvered her writing flawlessly and portrays Mrs. Bennet’s character beautifully. She is one of the most entertaining characters of Austen’s novel; there is no need to feel sympathy for her, as she is a very superficial woman who does not reflect too deeply on her feelings.

Passage to Adulthood essays

Passage to Adulthood essays In the novel, Farewell to Manzanar, by Jeanne Wakatsuki Houston, the author writes an autobiography about living in an internment camp during World War II, known as Manzanar. It was written in 1995 with the help of her husband and reflects on her past of growing up in a racial discriminated environment, because of the Japanese attacks on Pearl Harbor. Jeanne becomes confused with the actions taking place towards her family and develops a fear toward other Asians because of her past Caucasian living environment. Jeannes prejudice against herself during her Manzanar maturation, damages her future perspective and lifestyle on her passage to adulthood. The novel begins when Pearl Harbor is bombed. Jeanne is only seven and she doesnt understand. Her father is taken away because of suspicion, shortly thereafter her family is moved through many interment camps by the government. Eventually they are moved to an internment camp, Manzanar. Her father returns with a cane, a sign of weakness. He doesnt need the cane but uses it as symbolism. Jeanne feels her father is dying. Her father demonstrates his uselessness through his cane, and carries it the rest of his life. Life at Manzanar begins to unfold and begins to seem like a world of its own. Jeannes maturation begins with her new aspect of life. She goes to a kind of pre-school, where she prepares to attend school on the outside. Just when the camp begins to settle and everyone becomes comfortable, the Supreme Court rules that the government cannot detain citizens against their will, thus releasing everyone. Most people decide not to leave, because they have created their n ew home, including Jeannes family. After the US attacks Japan with atom bombs, Jeannes family leaves. Jeanne returns to school carrying her prejudice feelings towards herself, that everyone is required to hate her. She cannot accept acceptance but yet yearns for it. As ...

SQL BUSINESS REPORT essays

SQL BUSINESS REPORT essays Third-Part Augmenting Software and Enhancements 5 Data modification and retrieval 9 Application Environment 10 The Team A Corporation is the creator of a next-generation software program called Do It All Software. Team A is planning to soon start a user Beta testing program for Do It All Software. The Team A beta test management team is expecting a heavy interest by users to test the program and is preparing a website to assist them. Team A anticipates that the website will be updated several times a day. Team A plans to create a SQL driven Content Management System for the current website that will allow the beta test team members to dynamically update pages on the website and create new pages as needed, without worrying about knowing HTML. The Content management System (CMS) will be primarily used to manage a beta-testing website for the new software programs. The Team A beta test management team will be creating pages to support the development and beta test of Do It All Software. The main goal is to make it easy for the beta test management team to create, manage, distribution, and publish pages to the website. It will also have the ability to manage the structure of the site, the appearance of the published pages, and basic site navigation provided to the users. Since Team A anticipates a high number of beta testers, powerful hardware and software will need to be utilized. To meet these requirements, the CMS will run on multi-processor Intel based server running Microsoft Windows 2003 Server. The CMS will be developed by in-house engineers using Microsoft SQL Server as the database engine to manage and store beta testing information on Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS) and ASP.NET to serve the website pages. The initial CMS prototype will be developed using Microsoft Access because of it ease of use. The CMS will require beta testers to register on the website. The foll...

10 Career Paths to Explore After Graduation

10 Career Paths to Explore After Graduation You did it! Degree in hand, head held high, you’re ready to take on the world. But†¦what will you do? The world is filled with opportunities, but you’re not sure where a passion for, say, sociology and literature and the environment might collide into a career. Never fear: there’s a career for you, ready for the taking. Read on to figure out how to determine where your skill sets and passions can lead you. Here is an infographic from enchancv  showing the different career paths you can explore after graduation.

Costcos Business Model Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Costcos Business Model - Research Paper Example Costco gains revenue not only from individual membership, but also households, and companies. This membership revenue pool is fixed for the year and in 2008 generated $1.5 billion. The main part of the business is literally to please the customer by having the best price. Everything else is based on that concept. Customer's have the ultimate say in what will be bought and sold. Costco doesnt want to have inventory that the customer has no desire for and thus inventory that will be slow moving. Thus Costco watches for specific characteristics of inventory which they will purchase and efficiently deliver to the customer at a price below its competitors. Another part of Costco's business model is the fact that Costco owns 80% of its retail operation stores. This investment in real estate allows Costco to avoid paying lease costs thus cutting down on operating costs. This cost reduction can further allow Costco to concentrate on having a low price, high volume merchandise business model. Also the membership fees can be allocated to purchasing buildings within a year or two since to access the savings the customers provide revenue outright. This can save Costco on long term debt if managed properly. Yes its a good model because due to their memberships customers are more likely to buy directly from them and with a certain level of guaranteed revenue, prices can be low with the assumption that volume will be high. Volume is never guaranteed but Costco can operate on this assumption because it is more than likely that the customer will do daily shopping for groceries in the case of the individual, and household while more than likely that businesses will purchase supplies through Costco in order to purchase office supplies. The only issue with the model is that when customers purchase in bulk, it is likely that the need for the product will be low for a considerable amount of time. If an individual purchases 5-10 boxes of energy efficient light bulbs, that customer is unlikely to come back for more light bulbs for a long time and the same can be said of companies and households. On the other hand it could be likely that the customer purchasing in bulk could be selling each bulb. 2. What are the chief elements of Costco’s strategy? How good is the strategy? â€Å"Low prices, a limited product line and limited selection, and a â€Å"treasure hunt† shopping environment†, are a few of the chief elements of Costco's strategy. They accomplish this by having rapid inventory turnover, less handling, efficient distribution, operating efficiency and â€Å"offering members very low prices on a limited selection of nationally branded and select private-label products in a wide range of merchandise categories.† Costco also only kept the best bargains on the shelves with little advertising and deciding on a growth strategy focusing on opening more warehouses and developing a loyal customer base. This is good strategy all around for a variety of reasons. Here is a breakdown of some of the major efficiencies Costco obtained: Due to the fact that they are able to receive cash before the payable is due, Costco didn't have to worry about carrying extra capital throughout the year in order to meet vendor payments. Therefore Costco was able to take advantage of discounts while obtaining direct financing from the vendor's. By doing this Costco was able to pass on part of the savings to customers and obviously retain some of the savings as profit. The way that Costco was able to provide such low prices to its member was that it only sought a 14 percent margin on national brands as opposed to the 20-50% that most other discount

The Anglo-Saxon Invasion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Anglo-Saxon Invasion - Essay Example Therefore, when the army left the place, then the Roman-British people did not have anything except to use their own methods and weapons to protect themselves; later on they started relying on Saxon for their protection. The years after the down fall of the Roman government in Britain in the early years of the fifth century and the arrival of St Augustine at the end of the sixth were the period of momentous revolutionize. During that era, the material character of the nation and their language and institutions were completely altered. The Celtic British was replaced by the Germanic people and were able to become the majority of the lowland Britain. Celtic or Latin dialects and the more centrally governed Roman provinces were replaced by Germanic dialects and loose knit & feuding hereditary kingships respectively. This transition was not recorded properly as Germanic immigrants were neither literate nor religious. The Jutland is now called Denmark. Initially the people of the Jutland were farmers. The land of the Jutland was not feasible for farming purposes or fertile; therefore, they decided to find a new land where they could cultivate their grains. When they were searching for a new land, they reached a place called Anglo-Saxon England; they saw that this place is not only good for food purposes but also for other sources of income. They started raiding on this place by using the famous longboats. Therefore, we can say that the Vikings not only raid for food but for other valuables such as gold and expensive manuscripts. After the several years of their rule, the Vikings era came to an end when Earl Godwin pressured the Witan to select a new King from the old Anglo-Saxon Dynasty called Edward. This decision put the Vikings rule to the end but had opened the door for the final early medieval invasion of England. Norman Conquest The Norman Conquest took place right after the Viking invasions. William who wanted to be the King of the region attacked no the Harold's army and became the King of England on 25th December, 1066. Religious History Although the arrival of the Gregorian mission clearly marked a very important stage in the religious history of the Anglo-Saxons and in the production of written records, it is not an ideal point at which to begin an investigation into the history of the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms. For it is evident that the majority of Anglo-Saxon kingdoms were already in existence by 597 and that the complex political pattern of interrelationships and amalgamations which Bede reveals in his Ecclesiastical

The couses of increasing the crime in the UK (just in the UK) Essay

The couses of increasing the crime in the UK (just in the UK) - Essay Example It differs from simply citing poverty or racism as the cause of crime because it includes almost all social components including the family, social institutions such as school, the community, peer groups and home life. The concept of being "socially excluded" can also take into account economic and political exclusion, such as unemployment and immigration status, as well as lack of access to medical care, housing, policing and security. (Young, J, 'Crime and Social Exclusion'). The effect of social exclusion on crime is evident. Richard Garside (2008) reports in the Guardian that there were no homicides in 2007 in more prosperous areas of London, whereas other more impoverished areas accounted for 46 alone. The Londoners who are socially included are safer, whereas "those living in the capital's poorer neighbourhood's appear to be at much greater risk of homicide than those living in its leafier, richer suburbs." To look at the causes of crime this way makes it a social problem rather than an individual problem; in other words, it is viewed as a symptom of the society we live in rather than the situation of an isolated individual. But those who research crime in the U.K. differ in how they interpret the cause of social exclusion. Some assert that people are self-excluded; that is, the fault lies within themselves and their lack of motivation can be traced to their dependency on the welfare state. Under this scenario, even if there were jobs available, they wouldn't take them. Another theory is that the individual doesn't lose the motivation to work but doesn't have the capacity to look for work due to lack of positive role models. Then there's the third theory that may best explain the increase in crime: that economic decline over the last few decades has been so extreme and jarring that it thrust many in the category of social exclusion. It used to be that one could count on a lifetime employment with a good company and a sense of security. Now, due to downsizing, outsourcing and widespread unemployment, work is much more temporary and contractual. This adds a great deal of insecurity and creates a larger underclass of the stigmatized unemployed who are often paraded in the media as drug dealing criminals separate from those in the "leafier, richer suburbs". That dichotomy of exclusion/inclusion combined with media amplification led to one of the most famous and effective enunciation of crime policy by any politician, former Prime Minister Tony Blair's slogan, "Tough on crime, tough on the causes of crime." (King 2008, p. 137). It ushered in the Labour Party after a string of defeats. It emulated that of the United States with its emphasis on enforcement as opposed to rehabilitation. The implication was that the government would take a two-pronged attack on crime: enforcement and prevention. The framework of social exclusion, prevention and enforcement led the Home Office department of the government to pursue sweeping solutions to a myriad of interrelated causes. When examining the problem of youth and crime, risk factors and causes include a troubled home life, including absent parents and volatility; truancy and failing at school; mental illness; drug and alcohol abuse; poor housing and homelessness; and peer group pressure. Because the government sees the causes of crime as multi-dimensional and social in nature, the solution it comes up with is similarly expansive and social. The youthful offender is like

Cyber Bulling and Its Discontent Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cyber Bulling and Its Discontent - Essay Example lack of legislative policies, several methods, such as prevention and endurance, concealing personal information and being positive, can help teenagers to avoid this online bullying trend. According to Andrew Solomon, prevention and endurance are among the ways of avoiding online bullying or real life challenges. He says that people should be cautious when interacting with others online, especially strangers and friends (Solomon, n. p). This is because it helps in avoiding negative reactions from others and making them positive stories. This implies that social media sites where users interact freely increases the chances of being a bullying victim since it attracts strangers and bullies to access one’s profile (Solomon, n. p). The viable way to preventing such interactive connections is by avoiding the sites and being tolerate not to be an addict. Solomon offers examples of interviews he conducted, suggesting that people will always fall victims to things that they accept (Solomon, n. p). Online harassment among the teenagers is widespread because they have allowed interacting and accommodating the bullies instead of avoiding their advances. I strongly believe that avoidance is suitable since it distances the bullies from the victims. Non-accessibility of personal details is another way of avoiding the online bullying. This implies that a person should employ security measures that prohibit access to unauthorized users. The stigmatized identities use information derived from the profiles that target a specific group of individuals. For instance, the race, faith, category or sexuality aspects are always the ones used by bullies to haunt their prey. Tyler Clementi’s death arose because of the sexuality aspect in which his roommates and friends victimized him online for being gay, which was untrue (Parker, n. p). Ravi and Wei had placed on Twitter that Clementi was seen under a blanket with another man. Clementi felt sad and embarrassed, which he could not

Common Elements of Eastern Religious Traditions Assignment

Common Elements of Eastern Religious Traditions - Assignment Example Hindus, Buddhists, and Confucius preach unity and reciprocal interrelation of all things and proceedings. They also understand all phenomena in the world as signs of oneness. Buddhists, Hinduisms, and the Confucians have some similarities in the goals pertaining human situation and purpose of life on earth, they all believe in having better lives on earth and life to come after death. For instance, the Buddhist believe in escaping suffering through gaining enlightenment and fleeing from reincarnation by having merit in rebirth. The Confucians on the other side dedicate their lives in fulfilling individual roles in the society with propriety, honor, and loyalty. According to Hindu, for human beings to live promising lives, they have to escape from the bondage of ignorance and illusions and gain release from rebirth. The Hindu, Buddhist, and the Confucians share some characteristics on how they conduct their practices. They all have meditation to some things in their lives that they believe to be so omnipotent in their lives. For example, the Hindus consider god or goddess, and pilgrimage to holy cities as supreme; they also live according to ones dharma in society. Confucianism, put their entrust on right paths, they believe in living holy lives through adhering to honesty, politeness, propriety, humaneness and perform correct roles in society. The Buddhist, just as Hindus and Confucians meditate mantras, and put a lot of devotion to deities to avoid compelling punishments on earth and life after

Western Democratic Political Parties Are In A State Of Crisis Essay

Western Democratic Political Parties Are In A State Of Crisis - Essay Example Today, there is a shift and erosion of traditional roles of political parties, and their membership levels have continued to decline over the years. Additionally, the importance of political parties has diminished due to the emergence of candidate-centered party campaigns, and finally, there is the rise of professionals in western political parties and decline in partisan attachment of party members. Although restoring the traditional party form might be impossible, the present parties can overcome this crisis by redirect their efforts to restoring their effectiveness and efficiency in society, basing on democracy. . Political parties are essential, as they contribute to the functioning of democracies, and are responsible for political pluralism in various countries. These also mobilize their members and supporters to take on leadership roles in a country (Diamond & Gunther 2001). Ideally, political parties ought to develop alternative policy platforms, provide ideological direction, and define the agenda of the government in a country (Hofmeister & Grabow 2011). In Western democracies, the contribution of political parties to the political process, and their positions in the public mind, has invigorated a scholarly debate in the recent years. Various data from national election surveys and public opinions show that the public in most Western democracies such as the USA, Great Britain, Canada, among others, consider political parties to have declined (Gallagher, Michael & Mair 2000). Basing on relevant evidence and concepts, this essay focuses on how and why western democratic political parties are in a state of crisis today. First, Western democratic political parties are in a state of crisis today, as they have failed to perform their traditional roles in society appropriately. In the past, democratic political parties acted as an essential part of their governments, and were promoters of democracy. However, today, most democratic political parties have drift ed from the traditional roles by serving below the expected standards (Kartz & Mair 1995). This decline in the function of western political parties and loss of party roots is evident in the way political parties today play their representative role. Instead of being representatives of the public as the case in the traditional mass party, parties today have shifted from the wider society, and gotten more close to the government and the state (Kartz & Mair 1995). Money has contributed to this shift in political parties in the west, as these depend on state funding from the state. Therefore, these have prioritized their linkage with the state and government, and not the public. This pattern will eventually result the total diminishing of the traditional mass party (Gunther, Montero & Linz 2003). Therefore, parties have considered outsiders, who donate money to them, and not the public. Today, the non-political bodies such as NGOs have taken over the representative roles of political p arties, leaving political parties with the procedural roles only. A second way through which democratic political parties in the west are thought to be in a state of crisis is through the decline in their membership levels. According to Mair & Van Biezen (2001), in Western Europe, the overall membership levels of democratic political parties are on a decline. In 13 democracies in this region, statistics showed that the party membership as a percentage of the national electorate had fallen to 5.7% at the end of the 1990, from 9.8% in 1980. Over the years, the number of party members continues to decline, and this has

Common Elements of Eastern Religious Traditions Assignment

Common Elements of Eastern Religious Traditions - Assignment Example Hindus, Buddhists, and Confucius preach unity and reciprocal interrelation of all things and proceedings. They also understand all phenomena in the world as signs of oneness. Buddhists, Hinduisms, and the Confucians have some similarities in the goals pertaining human situation and purpose of life on earth, they all believe in having better lives on earth and life to come after death. For instance, the Buddhist believe in escaping suffering through gaining enlightenment and fleeing from reincarnation by having merit in rebirth. The Confucians on the other side dedicate their lives in fulfilling individual roles in the society with propriety, honor, and loyalty. According to Hindu, for human beings to live promising lives, they have to escape from the bondage of ignorance and illusions and gain release from rebirth. The Hindu, Buddhist, and the Confucians share some characteristics on how they conduct their practices. They all have meditation to some things in their lives that they believe to be so omnipotent in their lives. For example, the Hindus consider god or goddess, and pilgrimage to holy cities as supreme; they also live according to ones dharma in society. Confucianism, put their entrust on right paths, they believe in living holy lives through adhering to honesty, politeness, propriety, humaneness and perform correct roles in society. The Buddhist, just as Hindus and Confucians meditate mantras, and put a lot of devotion to deities to avoid compelling punishments on earth and life after

An analysis of Palm Malls Management Information System Term Paper

An analysis of Palm Malls Management Information System - Term Paper Example An analysis of Palm Mall’s Management Information System This system will be used for the management of Palm Mall’s working and operations. This application will make use of an automated BAR-Code detection system to detect the product details. At the cash counter the customer will take the shopping cart and cashier will scan each item to detect the products’ features such as price and other details. This system will also accept manual entries of products in case bar code reader fails to work properly. At the end of day system will offer the overall sales record with possible stock availability details. The objective of this implementation is to improve the efficiency and quality of business functions. Scope and Objectives The implementation of Palm Mall Management Information System is aimed at offering an excellent support for business management. In fact, the successful implementation of this technology based information system will improve the management capabilities of the business. Additionally, this system will offer an excellent support in the form of fast and error free business retail record management. The new system will improve the overall supply chain management through better record management of stock. This system will also offer a variety of features and functions for ensuring improved business decision support and performance. As a result, the overall corporate performance will improve and the business will be able to offer a great deal better service to its clients. In addition, this system will be implemented at various levels such as management level, stock and warehouse level and at sale person level. This system will not involve any customer input or intervention. This system will be completely under the control of business staff. Benefits of the system According to (Laudon and Laudon 7; Hoffer, Prescott and McFadden 429), â€Å"an information system is a group of interrelated elements that work together, process, store, and distribute information to various departments with the p urpose of supporting decision making and control in an organization†. In this scenario, â€Å"a management information system is one of the basic forms of information systems. Basically, an MIS is a purpose or particular use of information system that offers support for management oriented reporting.† In addition, these reports are usually produced or maintained on a given schedule as well as become manifest in a prearranged structure (Whitten, Bentley and Dittman 47). Palm Mall Management Information System will offer a number of advantages for the business. Given below are some of the major advantages of implementing a new management information system: Automation of process Error free working Simple management Fast receipt development for customer Digital record management of all business transactions Effective management of all business operations Simple management of complex processes Improved supply chain management Superior handling of all business operations Man agement support Better decision support for staff Enhanced management of all corporate operations with canalized business management

Was Louis Riel Guilty Of Treason

Was Louis Riel Guilty Of Treason I believe that Louis Riel is guilty of treason. Riel, Louis Riel has been called many names, he has been called a Prophet, a Statesman, a scoundrel, a hero, a madman, a visionary, a hero, but Louis Riel is best described a traitor, he has betrayed Canada in many ways. If passed, Bill C-417 will reverse Riels conviction for high treason. Riel ordered a man named Thomas Scott to be killed and organized a rebellion that caused the loss of dozens of lives, in order to become a territorial leader. Indeed Riel spent most of his adult life in Canada, the United States, seeking political intrigue. Eventually he was executed for his many crimes and the endless turmoil he caused with the Canadian government. That sentence may appear harsh today, but it was no harsher than Scotts execution or the dozens lost in the Riel rebellion: life itself was hard then. The punishment was meted out accordingly, and believed to be very fair at the time. Even though Louis Riel did not want Bloodshed and stay ed away from rebelling against the government for most of his adult life he did not keep it that way so Louis Riel is indeed still guilty of treason. This is true because Louis Riel started rebellions, and was responsible for levying war against the Canadian government which is treason. Louis Riel also fled to the U.S and conspired with the president to start war with the government which is also treason. Louis Riel is guilty in many ways of treason. Riel did not touch a gun and did not kill anyone but he is responsible for the dozens of lives lost in the Riel rebellion and for the execution of Thomas Scott. After all did he not court Marshall Scott and from his peoples vote, 2 only 2 of the seven could do what Riel could not, only 2 of Riels people had the courage to raise their hands, and denounce the Scott execution cold blooded murder. Scott wasnt guilty of treason for two reasons one, he had no government to be treasonous against, and never in the criminal code does it say do not be racist to your government. It does say form an intention to start war with the government, or use force to overthrow the government, Scott was innocent and Riel should have known it, and it is not the killing of Thomas Scott which made Riel guilty it is what that lead to which was rebellions, a provisional government, and many other acts of the crime treason. Save our country from this wicked government by taking arms if necessary Louis Riel. According to the criminal code of Canada paragraph 46 section 1 a through 2c treason is someone who a) uses force or violence for the purpose of overthrowing the government of Canada or a province. The North West Rebellion is a perfect example of this, ¦ Riel formed a provisional government at Batoche in order to wring concessions from Ottawa by force, if necessary does this sound like a man who cares for his government, or a man that will use his government to get what he wants. One week later, the Mà ©tis clashed with the North-West Mounted Police on Beardys Reserve near Duck Lake, by this attack from the Metis people led by none other than Louis Riel, and in section 46 2b on the criminal code of Canada it says levies war against Canada or does any act preparatory thereto- by acting and rebelling though it was only few Mounties it is still part of the Canadian government, and by god it was the very first step on Louis road of rebellion on the Canadian government, so by rebelling they are levying some sort of war on Canada which is a form of treason, isnt it. Riel decided to make his stand at Batoche, a strategy that ultimately sealed the fate of the Mà ©tis and lost any chance of prolonging the conflict- the stand Louis riel is taking a stand to overthrow the Canadian government therefore committing treason, and he is in every way guilty of treason. The North-West Field Force, momentarily stunned by an ambush at Fish Creek in late April 1885, swooped downed on Batoche on May 9 and easily overran the defenders three days later. The next six weeks were largely anticlimactic, as Indian leaders and their followers who had been implicated in the troubles surrendered to Canadian authorities. another section says that You shall not start (Riel was the leader so he started it) or assist armed forces (Metis using Nails, Stones Sticks, cannons guns) against whom Canadian Forces are engaged in hostilities (Riel + Metis), whether or not a state of war exists betwee n Canada and the country whose forces they are. The Metis and Riel are doing this they are starting war, and convincing others to join which is also an act of treason so Time travelling back to the Riel era and undoing Riels hanging through simple historical revisionism implies that someone else should pay the price for killing riel, now innocent. In other words, it calls our entire justice system into question, and too be fair and just, if you pardon Riel you must pardon, everyone else who has been charged with treason, and take a look at them, and by doing this it is implying we can get away with rebelling against our government, in the way Riel did. Maybe at first Louis Riels Provisional Government was used to protect the Metis and maybe because the term provisional means temporary and it was only used so the Metis could negotiate with the Canadian government to become a part of Canada but it was later an excuse to rebel against the Canadian government. At a meeting inside of a church in Batoche after a priest  which had told the Metis people Riel that I refuse to give the sacrament to anyone who participates in a rebellion against the Canadian government Riels reaction was assaulting the priest and holding a meeting, at that very meeting Riel uttered this quote I propose we set up a provisional government and take up arms to defend our right to do so! By saying this Riel is saying that hell use his government which was legal and use it to commit illegal crime treason by taking up arms and fighting for their rights and possibly overthrow three governments, and all three of those points are against the Canadian criminal code. So after this meeting occurred it was all downhill and became from harmless to harmful and treason. So by saying this is levying war against Canada and conspiring with the Metis to take up arms against the Canadian government, which both are Treason. Bill C-417 should not be passed because Mr. Riel does not deserve a second chance to live and be a hero, he was given chances and he blew them. Throughout his life Riel had formed a provisional government, started many rebellions, killed innocent men, and had fled to the U.S. When he murdered Thomas Scott, he was in trouble and he done wrong and he knew it, and he wasnt ready to be accountable for his actions so he fled to the U.S, if he knew it was the right thing to do and felt accountable for his actions he would have stayed in Canada and fought for his cause. Does this sound like a strong leader? Is this a leader who would stand up and never abandon his people? No it sounds like a traitor to his government and his people, only a guilty man would leave his own country and have the nerve to come back start rebellions, and run for a spot in parliament. The main reason why people think he is a hero is because he fought for the rights of his people and stand up for them, and by fleein g his people he did not stand up for them but he sat down. Yes throughout Riels earlier years he tried to avoid bloodshed and he did, he avoided fighting against the government, for a long time Riel had avoided killing anyone to avoid bloodshed but later in his life he started a rebellion with a man named Gabriel Dumont who was for bloodshed, and Dumont had been accountable for many Canadian deaths but lets not forget Dumonts leader and the one who organized the rebellions Riel. Louis Riel was one hundred per cent responsible for Dumont and his actions thus responsible for the blood shed he caused. Riel shouldve known Dumont was the man who wouldnt hesitate at chance to battle or capture, a person who was part of the Canadian Government I mean in a football game isnt it the quarterbacks job to call the plays and lead his team, so in the football game of The Metis vs. the Canadian Government Riel was the Quarter back and therefore responsible for the work of his defense man Dumont. Riel was there when Dumont was talking about ambushes, guerri lla style tactics, etc. Riel knew what Dumont wanted and went along with it, so Dumonts Bloodshed is also Louis bloodshed. I mean Riel couldve stopped him, yet when Riel sent him over to Mitchells store near Duck Lake to raid it, Gabriel couldnt resist starting battle; Mr. Riel knew Dumont was a violent man, toward the Canadian Government but still Riel sent Dumont out to a place near, where Mounties were located. By not giving Dumont his follower instructions not to start battle Riel is responsible for Dumonts Bloodshed and his treasonous acts against the Canadian Government, and by being responsible for others treason he is guilty of his own treason. We intend to fight for our freedom as a separate state from Canada In 1875 Mr. Riel was expelled from Canada for 5 years to the U.S and in these 5 years without the authorization of the Canadian government Riel went to acting U.S president Ulysses S. Grant to ask for money and protection. According to the criminal code of Canada without lawful authority can a person conspire with another person or ought to do something for a purpose prejudicial to the safety and defense of Canada. By going to Ulysses S. Grant Riel and asking him for money and protection he is preforming a treasonous act. At this same meeting Riel also says that I am convinced that I could raise a military force sufficient enough to compel the Canadian government to reconsider its relationship with the North West by saying this he is discussing his plan to raise a military force and levy war against Canada which is also part of treason. So by fleeing Canada to go to the President and discussing Riels plan to attack the Canadian government is treason in to ways, and then acting on the se plans in the North West resistance is completely treasonous. How could an insane person lead 700 people into a rebellion unless they were all insane? Louis may have been a traitor and a scoundrel but one thing that is true is he is very honest. At his trial Louis was a truthful man and would not plead insane because he was considerate as well. In fact President John A. Macdonald said because there was doubt about Riels sanity, I delayed the execution until November 16th and had him examined by three doctors. They all agreed that hes not crazy. Three doctors examined one man, he was said to be diagnosed with megalomania, and megalomania is Delusional belief of superiority, Delusions of greatness, Delusions about ones own power Delusions about ones own importance. Louis Riel envisioned himself as a prophet, according to the dictionary; a prophet is a man who speaks for god or a deity, or by divine inspiration or a person who practices divination. Riel saw himself as a prophet of God not a person that is superior, great or is any more important than anybody else on Gods green earth. So not one, not two but the three doctors are right , Riel in no way has any symptoms of megalomania; he does not see himself as great. Louis could not be insane anyway, instead of staying nice and safe in Montana, Riel gave up his safety for the Metis. During his trial, Riels lawyer thought the only way to get Riel out of this mess was for him to plead insanity, it was his lawyers decision to make him insane, he himself knowing he would be executed, Riel still did not agree, only a proud sane man would die to say he was just a sane leader. Riel is right how could an insane person lead 700 people into a rebellion unless they were all insane? If Louis Riel had not been apparently diagnosed with the single diagnosis of megalomania According to http://mwolk.com/blog/definition-of-insanity/ in general an insane person is a person who is not at all afraid of doing anything which might lead to drastic problems for him/her in the future, near the beginning of the Riel era  Riel had asked his men to stop the bloodshed and be loyal to the Q ueen, so even though he started rebellions and broke many laws mostly TREASON, Riel did try to avoid things that would be dreadful to himself and the Metis. So Riel was not insane and therefore was right to be punished for the treason he caused in the rebellions, and the turmoil he gave to the government. Riel didnt Father Confederation; he fought those who did. In comparison with the constructive minds of his generation, Riel was an anomaly. Since he was certainly not a hero to everyone, in no case should we commemorate his misdeeds by erecting a statue of him on Parliament Hill. That would be an insult to the memory of the soldiers who fought and died fighting Riels army and defending the cherished rights we associate with that same Parliament Hill. No person advocating or engaging in armed rebellion against Canadas democratic processes should be so honoured. To do so would be to elevate anarchy and civil disobedience to statesmanship. In short, Riel did not have the full support of his people, let alone Ruperts Land that he needed to create his own territory. Instead, he used arms and force, those ancient non-democratic methods, resulting in death and terror. He was accordingly confronted by force for his crimes, lost and hung. So by revising History, you are not condemning Louis R iel you are condemning Canada, he fought against those who made Canada, and for that alone, for being a bump on the road of what Canada is today, Louis Riel Deserved the death of hangings and more, in the end Louis Riel broke every part of the Criminal Code subsection Treason and high treason  [v]  except for causing bodily harm to her Majesty. In final conclusion to make Louis Riel innocent is making our government guilty and they did not break any single law in Riels lifetime so Riel is indeed guilty of treason.

Discuss the way in which the following passage presents Paddy Clarkes :: English Literature

Discuss the way in which the following passage presents Paddy Clarke's response to the world in which he is growing up. How characterists of the whole novel are the techniques that Roddy Doyle employs in the passage? Throughout this passage, p53 - p55, you can identify that the author, Roddy Doyle uses several techniques in which to show how the world is developing around the young ten year old Paddy Clarke and how he responds to these changes. Doyle does this in numerous ways, initially and most importantly by what the young boy talks about. On page 53, the paragraph beginning with, 'Snails and Slugsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦' you can identify that Paddy Clarke is very young, you can easily distinguish this because of the topics he mentions and how he introduces them. This is evident in the opening paragraph. In this section he manages to talk about at least three dissimilar topics, this indicates that he cannot structure his speech probably. Doyle does this incredibly well because you can see that he is trying to state as many things as possible, signifying that he is still a young boy and maybe quite confused because of the events that are taking place around him, for instance the separation of his father and mother. So overall the opening paragraph is quite chaotic, for this to occur Doyle introduce several non - secquiters, meaning, when you go off at a tangent. 'Picked him up with a towel and gave him a decent burial. The real name for soccer was association football'. This takes place throughout. Secondly the topics he talks about are quite normal for a ten-year-old boy, they are almost quite simple subjects, slugs, football and Indians are all mentioned immediately. This is a very good technique implied by Doyle because it just shows how young he is. Doyle does is very effectively and he manages to keep this going throughout the novel, for instance when the lady farted, quite simple subjects that keep Paddy amused. Doyle's use of language is also extremely effective, it again indicates, how young the boy is and how he may seem quite confused following the events that are circulating his life. Overall the language is quite simple; 'a sad old woman' phrases like this emphasize that, but in some circumstances the language does become more structured, 'he was riding hunched down sideways on his horse so that others couldn't fire their arrows at him'. For a ten year old, this is quite a complex sentence; this may indicate that he could be rather serious and even sad because of his parents divorce. In my opinion I believe he likes to occupy himself in-order not to think

Comparing Andrew Marvells To His Coy Mistress and John Donnes Flea Es

Andrew Marvell’s To His Coy Mistress and John Donne’s Flea Andrew Marvell and John Donne both wrote â€Å"carpe diem† poetry full of vivid imagery and metaphysical conceits. This message can be clearly seen in the poems "To His Coy Mistress" by Marvell and Donne’s "Flea." Though both poems take a similar approach to the topic addressed, it is Marvell that writes more thoughtfully and carefully, coercing instead of Donne’s seemed demanding\begging. The speaker in â€Å"Coy Mistress† is trying to convince his woman of choice that it is much better to have sex now than to save her virginity for the future. Why save it until they are married? The man wants to experience the pleasure now. Marvell’s message here seems to be that instead of worrying about the future; planning exactly when we should do things, humans should take things as they come and enjoy them before it is too late. This theme relates to all aspects of life, not just sex. Donne’s narrator, though having the same goal and idea, is far more blunt in his reasoning. Noticing a flea that presumably had bitten them both, he ar...

Succubus Dreams CHAPTER 17

The next day was only a partial shift at work for me, but when I saw how busy things were, I suspected I'd have a hard time dragging myself away. Seth wasn't working in the caf? ¦, but I found a note on my desk. He'd apparently already been there earlier. Thetis – Have some errands to run, but I'd like to see you later. I miss you and don't like how we left things. Come on over later when you get the chance. I'll be home all night. Love, Seth I had some things of my own to take care of, and after reading his note, I suddenly wanted them done as soon as possible so that I could go see him. As I was about to leave, Maddie caught a hold of me and covertly led me into the history books. To my astonishment, she pushed down her shirt collar, baring her shoulder. â€Å"Whoa,† I joked. â€Å"Don't you think things are moving kind of fast?† â€Å"Look,† she whispered, pointing at the lacy bra strap that had been revealed. â€Å"It's red.† â€Å"That it is,† I agreed, still a little puzzled. â€Å"It's number one.† â€Å"What?† â€Å"My three adventurous things. I bought a red bra.† I stared in astonishment. â€Å"I thought†¦I thought you said my idea was ridiculous?† She averted her eyes. â€Å"I thought it was†¦but then, well†¦I heard about Seth. What happened to him. You were there, right?† My favorite topic. â€Å"Yeah, I was there.† â€Å"Didn't it freak you out? I mean†¦right there in front of you: life and death.† â€Å"Yeah. Kind of.† Shaking her head, she looked back up at me. â€Å"Hearing what happened to him just kind of shook me up. I told you it wasn't that easy to be adventurous, but suddenly I decided that maybe it was. I just had to take control.† I smiled. â€Å"With a red bra.† She flushed. â€Å"Hey! All your lingerie may be red and edible, but this is the first bra I've ever bought that isn't white or black.† I reined in my humor and gave her a genuinely pleased smile. â€Å"I'm proud of you, Maddie. I really am.† â€Å"Don't patronize me,† she warned. â€Å"I'm not. It looks great. You get matching underwear?† Now she really looked embarrassed. â€Å"A thong.† I repressed the urge to whistle. â€Å"Nice work, soldier.† She wandered off, back to the registers. Moments later, I felt an immortal signature and a touch on my shoulder. Spinning around, I found Tawny's enormous chest practically shoved into my face. I'd heard little from the succubus since I'd called to tell her she had a job at Simon's. Niphon's presence at the poker game had been the only indication that she still hadn't bagged a guy. â€Å"Georgina – † she wailed, lower lip trembling. â€Å"No, no,† I interrupted. I grabbed her arm and dragged her toward my office. â€Å"Not here.† I managed to close the door just before she burst into tears. I groaned. â€Å"Now what's happened?† â€Å"I met a guy last night.† She flounced into my chair, and it was a wonder her breasts didn't hit her in the face. I leaned against the wall, crossing my arms over my own chest in a sort of protective gesture. â€Å"Okay†¦that's not a bad thing.† She swallowed a sob, and it was all I could do not to clean up the mascara smudges on her face. Honestly, how much did that woman wear? â€Å"We had a great time†¦had drinks and talked and all that.† â€Å"That's not a bad thing either.† She shook her head. â€Å"But at the end of the night, he told me he just wanted to be friends.† â€Å"He – wait. You got the friends line from someone you just met?† Tawny nodded. â€Å"What did you say to him? Like†¦did you proposition him?† â€Å"Yeah†¦I asked him if he wanted to meet me in the bathroom and try out this edible mint chocolate warming gel I have.† â€Å"You – what?† Tawny reached into her purse and started to pull out a tube of something. I waved her off. â€Å"No, no. I don't need to see it.† â€Å"What went wrong?† she cried. â€Å"Well†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I wasn't sure if I should laugh or weep. Tawny was never going to pull this off. Never. â€Å"You might have come on too strong. And honestly†¦that gel thing? That's just weird.† â€Å"I thought guys were into that kind of thing.† â€Å"Some are†¦but, I don't know. What kind of guy is he? What's he do for a living?† â€Å"He's a cashier.† â€Å"Hmm. Okay. That's not too bad.† â€Å"Over at Blessed Images.† â€Å"Over at – you propositioned a guy who works at a religious supply store?† I exclaimed. â€Å"I wanted a good one,† she told me. â€Å"There's no better place.† â€Å"Oh my God. Tawny†¦Ã¢â‚¬  I didn't even know where to start. There were so many nuances to seduction, so many tactics and strategies. She didn't know any of them, and seriously, I didn't even know if she could learn. â€Å"I got you the strip club job†¦why are you trolling religious supply stores? Guys should just be coming up to you after your sets.† Something troubling occurred to me. â€Å"You do still have the job, don't you?† I believed Simon would stick to his word, but one never knew for sure with his type. â€Å"Yeah†¦Ã¢â‚¬  she mumbled. â€Å"But those guys aren't – â€Å" â€Å"For the last time! Forget the good ones. You can't afford to be choosy.† I studied her. She was clearly low on energy again. Frowning, I recalled my date with Liam. â€Å"So†¦Tawny†¦things really didn't work out with Nick the auctioneer?† She took a tissue from the box on my desk and blew her nose loudly. â€Å"Nope. I told you. I called, and he said he wasn't interested.† I was good at reading people, very good. It was, well, what made me a star succubus. And looking into those teary blue eyes, I searched for some sign of deceit. Any sign. I found nothing. So who was lying? Tawny or Liam? And why would either one of them lie? Liam had no reason to – not about Tawny. Tawny, I supposed, could be in league with Niphon. Maybe he wanted to prolong things simply to annoy me. That was a dangerous game for both of them. His animosity couldn't be strong enough to risk pissing off Jerome. And I knew Jerome would be pissed off if he found out Tawny's orientation was being used for ulterior motives. There was also the fact that Tawny's energy had shown no post-sex glamour the day after Liam saw her and Nick together. She hadn't gotten any. That was my only hard evidence in all of this. All of these thoughts flitted through my mind in a heartbeat. If Tawny really was pulling a poker face on me, she'd soon learn that she wasn't the only one who could do it. Keeping my expression exasperated and unsuspecting, I said, â€Å"Tawny†¦I†¦I just don't get this. Any of this.† â€Å"That's it?† she asked. â€Å"You're my mentor, and that's all you've got for me?† â€Å"I got you the job! I don't know what else to do. Maybe we can go out together and†¦God help me†¦do a three-some or something.† I could imagine few things more horrible than that, but these were desperate times. The expression on Tawny's face showed similar sentiments. â€Å"I don't know about that,† she said. â€Å"I don't think I really do that.† I rolled my eyes. â€Å"In another century or so, you'll find you do everything.† She blew her nose again. â€Å"Well†¦I want to keep trying on my own before anything like that. Until then†¦do you think†¦do you think you could†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Could what?† â€Å"You know.† â€Å"No, I really don't.† From her, a request could be anything. Tawny gulped. â€Å"The kissing thing again.† â€Å"No! I told you that was a one-time deal.† â€Å"But†¦but†¦I'm so low†¦Ã¢â‚¬  She burst into tears again. And yeah, she was low on energy. Really low. By tomorrow morning, she could be in danger of losing her shape again. Fuck. This wasn't possible. I had to be getting played here, but why and how? Was all this hassle worth it to Niphon, just to keep irritating me? Fuck. â€Å"This is the last time,† I growled. She stopped mid-sob. â€Å"Really?† I sighed. â€Å"Come here.† With a sense of dread, I kissed her again. My discomfort had less to do with the act of kissing her than it did with me realizing I'd just pushed myself into dangerous energy limits. I was the one who'd need a fix before morning now. And if I got an energy fix, it was likely my dream stalker would return†¦. With the influx of life, Tawny was able to shape-shift away her disheveled appearance. â€Å"Thanks, Georgina! You're the best!† She started to hug me, and I jerked away. â€Å"Just go out and get laid, okay?† Doug stuck his head in just then, asking for my help. He didn't seem to have heard my charge to battle, thankfully. His eyes widened when he saw Tawny. I shooed her out, warning her not to forget what we'd talked about. â€Å"Is she single?† he asked, watching her walk away. Her pleather pants were riding up. â€Å"Yeah,† I said. â€Å"Very. But she's high maintenance.† After I finished my survey of the bookstore, I went off to take care of assorted errands. When I finally made it to Seth's place, I found him lying lengthwise on his couch, laptop open as usual. He sat up and closed it when I stepped inside. â€Å"Hey, Thetis,† he said. â€Å"Hey,† I said. I sat down beside him, and silence fell as we regarded each other. The air between us wasn't angry, but it wasn't bursting with love either. It was speculative. We were sizing each other up. He reached into the V-neck collar of my sweater, and I flinched. Then, I felt his fingers brush by the chain I'd been wearing his ring on. He pulled the ring out and ran his fingertips over the dolphin. â€Å"Around your neck, huh? What is this, high school?† â€Å"Might as well be,† I said, â€Å"seeing as how we haven't even made it to second base yet.† He smiled and released the ring, moving his fingers up to my cheek. â€Å"Yes, we have.† He sighed. â€Å"We sure do seem to be fighting a lot lately, huh?† â€Å"Yeah.† I settled back into the couch's softness. â€Å"It's not even about sex anymore.† â€Å"I noticed that. It's boring stuff, actually.† â€Å"Boring?† He shrugged. â€Å"You know. Typical relationship stuff. Spending time with each other. Trust. Communication. Love isn't always about grand forces of the universe keeping us apart.† Unless, I thought, you considered the difference in length between a mortal life and an immortal one. I didn't know why Seth's lifespan was bothering me lately. I'd understood the complications on an intellectual level when we'd first started dating, but I hadn't really had such visceral reactions until recently. Him getting shot hadn't helped, I supposed. And speaking of which†¦ â€Å"I never thanked you,† I told him. â€Å"For what?† â€Å"For risking your life for mine.† â€Å"But you can't di – â€Å" â€Å"Yeah, yeah. We've already established that, like, a hundred times. And the wisdom – or lack thereof – of your actions aside, it was sweet and brave and†¦and, well, thank you.† Seth moved his hand over mine and squeezed it. â€Å"There's nothing to thank me for.† I stood up. â€Å"Well, now that we've got the sentimental stuff out of the way, let's get down to business. Take off your clothes.† Seth started. â€Å"Wai – what?† â€Å"Well,† I amended, â€Å"except for your boxers.† â€Å"Are we going to second base after all?† â€Å"Just do it.† While he stripped, I gathered some things from his kitchen, as well as from a tote bag I'd brought. When I returned to the living room, he was sitting in the center of the couch in boxers only. They were soft gray flannel. Adorable. I sat down on the floor in front of him, moving a bowl of warm water beside me. After dipping a washcloth into the water, I slowly began rubbing it over his feet. Seth was quiet for several moments. Then: â€Å"You getting Biblical on me? Didn't somebody wash Jesus' feet?† I rewet the cloth and began moving up one of his legs. â€Å"Don't worry,† I told him. â€Å"I don't expect you to turn this water into wine. At least not until I'm done.† I moved the washcloth over Seth's calf. It was leanly muscled, covered in tawny brown hair. â€Å"The foot washing tradition is bigger than the Bible. You find it everywhere, long before New Testament times, in lots of other cultures. Kings. Generals. They all got this treatment.† â€Å"You wash a lot of kings' and generals' feet?† he teased. â€Å"Yeah, actually.† â€Å"Oh. Well. I don't think I'm really in that league.† I smiled and moved on to the other calf. â€Å"Not true. Poets and bards used to have as much prestige as kings. Lots of them got this too.† â€Å"I miss the good old days. Now we're lucky if we get paid.† I washed his thigh, careful to avoid the bandaged wound. â€Å"Yeah, true. But people also don't threaten to behead you if they don't like what you wrote.† â€Å"You obviously haven't read some of my reviews.† â€Å"I only read the good ones.† I finished both legs and dropped the washcloth into the water. I scooted the bowl away. Seth started to get up, but I shooed him back down. â€Å"Nope. Not finished.† I reached for a bottle of massage oil I'd brought and poured some on my hands. It smelled like almonds. â€Å"That was just to get you clean.† With as much deliberation as I'd performed the washing, I massaged the oil into his skin, starting with his feet once again. Washing can be sensual, but rubbing someone with oil is doubly so. Triple, even. The light banter faded between us. Seth simply watched, wonder and arousal on his face as I worked my way up. And as I met his gaze, I saw more than just those feelings. The love in his eyes was so powerful, I needed to look away. Seth had an amazing grasp of the English language, but there were days when that skill was nothing compared to what he told me in his looks. When I finished his legs, I climbed up behind him on the couch and worked on his back and chest too. I'd been giving massages almost as long as I'd been dancing. I knew exactly what to do, knew where all the muscle groups were and how to unkink them. Seth had a lot of stiffness and knots in his back, either from bad laptop posture or stress. Maybe both. At last, the job was complete. Heedless of oil on me or the couch, he leaned back and pulled me to his chest. My cheek rested on his smooth, slick skin, and the scent of almond and Seth enveloped me. â€Å"Ah, Georgina,† he sighed. â€Å"I wish I could return that.† â€Å"I'll just pretend you did.† He sighed again. â€Å"I hate the pretending.† â€Å"Yeah.† â€Å"I mean it. Really hate it.† The vehemence in his voice startled me. I lifted my head up. â€Å"You okay?† â€Å"Yeah†¦I'm just†¦I don't know.† He shook his head. â€Å"Frustrated, I guess.† â€Å"Sexually frustrated?† â€Å"Sure†¦but it's more than that. Do you ever think about us†¦just, you know, doing it maybe once?† â€Å"No,† I said immediately. â€Å"Absolutely not.† â€Å"I'd take the risk.† â€Å"The shooting addled your brain. You've always been the strong one, remember?† â€Å"The shooting's made me think about what life means, that's all.† He sounded just like Maddie. How could such a foolish gesture on his part be inspiring so many people? Was I too jaded? Could I no longer relate to humans? â€Å"And I mean, I can't even reciprocate a simple massage. You perform all the time for me†¦but what do you get? You must be the one who's sexually frustrated. The stuff you do on the side†¦well, that doesn't matter. Sometimes I think Hugh was right. You do suffer more than me.† â€Å"No, I don't. The sex stuff bugs me, but I can handle it.† â€Å"I hope I can,† said Seth. â€Å"When I was in the hospital, I had this weird moment where I started thinking about how I write about all these action-packed things but don't live any of it. O'Neill has dozens of great romances, but me? I can't even have one.† â€Å"It sucks,† I agreed. â€Å"But with the risks†¦well. We know this is how it has to be.† â€Å"What about the rest?† â€Å"Hmm?† Seth shifted slightly so that he could look into my face. â€Å"Do you really think about me dying? Do you worry about me?† â€Å"Sometimes.† â€Å"Am I going to cause you pain in the end?† â€Å"No,† I said breezily. â€Å"Of course not.† He pulled me back to his chest. â€Å"I love you, Georgina. You give me more joy than I ever expected to find in this life. I want to be with you†¦Ã¢â‚¬  He ran a hand through my hair, tangling it in his fingers. â€Å"But not if it's going to do more harm than good. I don't want you to hurt. I don't want you to spend the rest of my life worrying about my body and my soul. I don't want you to cry when I'm gone.† A lump formed in my throat, and I thought I might actually start crying then and there. There was something in his voice, a strange and ominous note that scared me for reasons I couldn't entirely explain. I dug my fingers into his skin and pressed myself closer to him. â€Å"No more,† I whispered. â€Å"I don't want to talk about this anymore. It isn't relevant.† Seth tightened his grip on me and didn't respond. We went to bed after that, speaking little. He snuggled against me, resting his head on my chest. I ran my fingers through his hair, taking in his scent and his feel. As he slipped into sleep, I thought about what he'd said about what puts meaning into life. I thought about wanting and needing. And what I needed right then was energy. Tawny'd wiped me out, and there was no way I was going to start shifting back to the body I'd been born with. Still touching Seth's hair, I thought how easy it would be to just lean down and kiss him. Really kiss him. And kiss him and kiss him†¦ Wanting and needing. Regretfully, I slipped out of bed. Seth was a heavy sleeper and simply rolled to his side, never coming close to waking. With a wistful look, I left the condo and used my last bit of energy to put on a different shape. Finding a victim wasn't hard – further reinforcing how absurd the whole Tawny thing was – and in less than two hours, I was back in bed with Seth and recharged. That creepy voice didn't speak to me, for which I was grateful. Sad but sated, I fell asleep. And I dreamed.

In rehearsing and performing Essay

When I performed my character I put on a bad back as in the 17th century middle aged women were getting on a bit and would have had injuries. Mrs Putnam behaves in shock and panic because she cannot believe what is going on around her. First of all Abigail states † She makes me drink blood†. So Mrs Putnam just hopes in fear that it isn’t her baby’s blood, â€Å"My babies blood†. Then Goody Osbourn is accused of being with the Devil. Goody Osbourn has been midwife for Mrs Putnam 3 times. Mrs Putnam reacts with shock that someone so close to her has been behind peoples back and been with the Devil. When our group was acting out a scene from act 1, we had Betty lying down asleep in the middle of the stage. The effect of this is that everyone keeps on coming back to the plot, which is McCarthyism. With Betty in the middle of the stage nobody forgets why the characters is there, they all want to find out what is going on and who must be punished, this helps the audience understand the play and keeps them involved. With Betty in the middle of the stage it improved our performance because it gave us a centrepiece to work around and kept us in a huddle portraying that we were all in fear. The language of the scene is a mix between old English and Native American. The language is part Native American because in the 17th century the English had just settled in the US and the only people there before them were the Native Americans so they took over the old English and then picked up some Native American language. There is also a regional dialect in the writing † I be innocent†. This is because Salem would have been in a rural area isolated from any other towns or villages, so they had their own style of language. The themes run through the scene are fear, shock and nervousness. Fear runs through the scene when talk of people has been with the Devil get mentioned. † I saw, Martha Bellows with the Devil. † When the characters hear this they react with fear † The Marshall, I call the Marshall. † Shock runs through the scene when something out of the ordinary is said, † Oh, how many times he bid me kill you, Mr Parris. † † Kill me! † Also nervousness runs through the scene for example when Tituba rambles, † He say Mr Parris must be kill! Mr Parris no goodly man, Mr Parris means man and no gentle man†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. And look- and there was Goody Good. † When she says this all of this it sound like she is making it up because she is nervous. When we performed the play we wanted to show that it wasn’t from our culture but from another one. So we decided in rehearsals if we wanted to convey this we had to put on an accent from that era and part of the world, this worked well. We wanted the audience to feel the fear and the shock of the scene when we performed it. This is because you can’t get into the scene if you don’t fell both of these, as they are what the scene is about. So if they did feel the fear and the shock they would of understood and enjoyed the scene more than if they didn’t feel them. Also we wanted the audience to go away and see what can happen to a small community if something like the Salem witch trials went on and what devastating consequences it can make. Leigh O’Brien Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Arthur Miller section.